contributi dei compagni francesi e ametricani in via di traduzione
La semaine dernière, une vague de froid s’est abattue sur le Texas, au sud des États-Unis. L’État a
été recouvert de neige et les températures sont descendues jusqu’à -18°, historique dans un État bien plus habitué aux fortes chaleurs. Cet événement, qui est probablement une conséquence du changement climatique découlant du mode de production capitaliste, a causé au moins 58 décès, et sûrement beaucoup plus. Ne nous y trompons pas : il ne s’agit pas d’une catastrophe naturelle car, comme le disent les militants révolutionnaires états-uniens, aucun désastre n’est naturel sous le capitalisme.Le Texas n’est pas raccordé au système fédéral états-unien pour l’électricité, car l’État souhaite bénéficier d’une « indépendance énergétique ». La conséquence de cela est que, pendant la vague de froid, le réseau n’a pas tenu, et plus de 4,5 millions de personnes se sont retrouvées sans électricité et n’ont donc pas pu se chauffer, causant de nombreux décès. Au plus fort de la vague de froid, la compagnie texane d’électricité (ERCOT) a massivement augmenté ses tarifs, plongeant encore plus dans la pauvreté des millions de personnes souhaitant se chauffer pour éviter de mourir d’hypothermie. En effet, les prix n’étant pas régulés et uniquement basés sur la demande, les tarifs d’électricité ont été multipliés par 180 durant cinq jours. De nombreux texans témoignent avoir reçu des factures d’électricité de plusieurs milliers de dollars, jusqu’à 17 000$ pour certains, alors que l’électricité était coupée de nombreuses heures chaque jour.
Pendant que la population du Texas subissait de plein fouet la vague de froid, le sénateur de cet État, Ted Cruz, un proche de Donald Trump, est parti en vacances à Cancun, au Mexique, illustrant parfaitement l’expression « les rats quittent le navire ».
Dans le même temps, alors que des millions de personnes n’avaient plus d’électricité pour se chauffer, les usines continuaient à tourner, utilisant une grande quantité d’énergie. À Austin, une des plus grandes villes du Texas, l’énergie utilisée par les 10 plus gros consommateurs (usines en premier lieu, comme celle de Samsung par exemple), correspond à l’énergie nécessaire pour alimenter 12 000 foyers. Les immeubles de bureaux ont également continué à être alimentés en électricité, alors que la priorité aurait du être d’alimenter les maisons et appartements afin de permettre aux gens de se chauffer.
En cette période de vague de froid, les coupures d’électricité ne sont pas le seul problème auquel font face les texans. En effet, des millions de personnes n’ont plus accès à l’eau potable, car de nombreuses canalisations ont gelé ou explosé. Les supermarchés sont vides car de nombreuses routes sont enneigées ou verglacées, ce qui ne permet pas l’approvisionnement. À Austin, mêmes les hôpitaux manquent d’eau et de chauffage, un désastre en cette période de pandémie.
Il s’agit là de conséquences du système capitaliste, un système dans lequel le profit de quelques parasites bourgeois prime sur tout le reste, un système dans lequel la seule loi est celle du marché et donc celle du patronat, en témoignent les importantes hausses des tarifs d’électricité, en témoignent également les usines restées ouvertes au pic de la vague de froid comme de la crise du Covid-19.
Le fait qu’une telle crise puisse se produire aux États-Unis, première puissance impérialiste mondiale, montre bien la faillite du système capitaliste-impérialiste, un système parasitaire en fin de vie, qui ne permet même pas aux populations des pays impérialistes de vivre correctement. Alors que le changement climatique s’accélère du fait de la destruction de la planète causée par le mode d’organisation capitaliste de la production, il est de plus en plus évident que les catastrophes de ce type vont se multiplier dans les années à venir.
Face à ces catastrophes, nous ne pouvons en aucun cas compter sur l’État car il est au service de la classe au pouvoir, celle des capitalistes. Nous ne pouvons compter que sur nos propres forces, nous devons nous organiser pour faire vivre la solidarité et pour lutter. C’est notamment ce que font les militants révolutionnaires au Texas. À Austin, le Mouvement Populaire des Femmes (Popular Women’s Movement), une organisation révolutionnaire de femmes prolétaires, a mis en place une tente dans laquelle était distribuée gratuitement de l’eau et d’autres produits de première nécessité. Dans le même temps, les militants de Tribune of The People, un journal révolutionnaire états-unien, ont mené des actions pour dénoncer les crimes capitalistes et informer la population du fait que les responsables de ces désastres sont bien les bourgeois, et non les conditions climatiques. Les militants du mouvement uni de défense des quartiers (United Neighborhood Defense Movement), une organisation luttant pour de meilleures conditions de vie et de logement, ont également organisé la solidarité chaque jour de la vague de froid dans le quartier de Riverside, une zone populaire de la ville d’Austin. Les militants ont notamment distribué de la nourriture et trouvé des solutions temporaires pour garder les gens au chaud. Désormais, alors que la vague de froid est terminée, les militants organisent une collecte de fonds afin d’aider les habitants du quartier à réparer ce qui a été endommagé pendant cet épisode climatique. Par ailleurs, à Austin également, des tags avec écrit « aucun désastre n’est naturel sous le capitalisme » ont été aperçus en différents points de la ville.
Ces nombreuses actions de lutte et de solidarité menées par les révolutionnaires états-uniens sont une grande source d’inspiration. Elles nous montrent que seule la lutte paye, que seule la solidarité populaire sauve quand l’État capitaliste est incapable de nous fournir de bonnes conditions de vie, préférant privilégier les intérêts de la classe capitaliste au pouvoi
Texas: Extreme Ice and Snow Highlight Capitalist Crimes
Photo credit: Associated Press
By the Editorial Board Tribune of the people
Ice, snow, and single-digit temperatures froze Texas and other states with poor critical infrastructure Sunday, leaving more than four million without utilities in Texas alone. The ruling class and its media are fast to place blame on a ‘natural disaster,’ but really there is nothing natural about it. Many in Texas’ capital city of Austin shivered in disbelief, and the administrative ability of the city froze over like the thousands of unmaintained generators, as they would spend more than 72 hours without lights or heat witnessing the glowing lights of downtown’s vacant but warmed and well-lit office buildings.
The statewide death toll has climbed to 47, and almost every case was preventable, with carbon monoxide poisoning being a major reported cause. The system which failed in every way to provide resources left people desperate to seek heat and shelter in running vehicles where they did not find reprieve, only toxic, deadly fumes.
In the beginning, the ruling class-owned media announced “rolling black outs” in which power would allegedly turn on and off in intervals. People on social media were quick to point out that the media was not telling the truth, but instead simply repeating lies from the electric companies. The power went out, and in many residences it never came back on.
The ruling class wasted no time pressuring the half of the population who still had functional electricity to heating to no higher than 68 degrees in the freezing weather, all the while large corporate buildings that have been closed for months due to the pandemic remained lit and heated. In an online press conference, Austin mayor Steve Adler suggested that people “keep warm,” while, with rolled-up shirt sleeves, he insulted the freezing population. Austin Energy added insult to injury by advising their customers to call 311, a service which was down during the worst moments of the crisis.
Unlike parts of the Midwest and Northeast, the Texas roads and power grid were not prepared for such a storm, and neither are the people who have seldom experienced a hard winter. Houses are not insulated for the low temperatures, and the storm has wreaked havoc on plants and wildlife.
To make matters infinitely worse, Texas is one of the few states with deregulated energy—the anarchy of production reigns over basic social necessities. The deregulated energy market is meant, according to the bourgeoisie, to ‘stimulate competition’; however it is really to stimulate profit for private ownership. The competition may temporarily lower costs, but it also lowers the reliability and preparedness in case of emergencies. The ‘oversight’ provided by the Public Utilities Commission (PUC) is like all other false ‘oversight’ committees for police, the environment, etc.—ultimately powerless and at the mercy of big money.
The players in the Texas energy game are a complicated web of interests—there is ERCOT (Electric Reliability Council of Texas), which doesn’t own any power plants or transmission lines but just manages the flow of electricity. Numerous companies oversee the actual generation of energy including from oil, natural gas, wind, solar, and nuclear power. Big utility providers like Oncor and CenterPoint, which control the transmission lines and substations for huge areas, especially around the biggest cities in Texas, are owned by private investors—for these the customer side is run through what they call ‘Retail Energy Providers’ that buy from the big utility companies and sell to regular people to give the illusion of ‘choice.’ Other companies like CPS Energy in San Antonio and Austin Energy are considered ‘municipal utilities,’ owned and managed by those appointed by the city government, and there are also Energy Cooperatives—both of these can control the generation, transmission, and retail sale of energy, and in these places the people generally don’t have a choice of who they buy it from.
ERCOT for its part has proven itself to be totally incompetent—they underestimated the demand for energy and failed to bring additional generators to the table when they were most needed—they even assured that power plants could handle the storm which proved to be woefully incorrect.
This is not the first time widespread power outages have resulted from winter storms in Texas. This same situation happened in 1989 and again in 2011, and both times comprehensive reviews were completed and found that the power generation companies needed to winterize their equipment to prevent these storms from disrupting production. However, since these findings were just recommendations and not mandates, power generation companies like Luminant found it easier to simply pay the $750,000 fine for failing to provide needed energy than actually prepare for the next severe winter storm.
The callousness of the electric companies is perhaps the only thing colder than the millions of Texas households without power or heat, but such malicious, calculated indifference to human life and well-being is not simply or only evil—it is highly profitable. Premiums for electricity are already rising with the increased demand: the wholesale price of electricity in Houston has already skyrocketed from $22 a megawatt-hour to about $9,000. Customers across Texas will now pay for the pleasure of the faulty services provided by capitalists with money on top of loss of life and living standards.
While the poor and working people of Texas suffer the worst from the capitalist-created disaster, the top brass in the companies and non-governmental organizations responsible for the electrical system are very well-paid. E. Allen Nye Jr., the CEO of Oncor, the company controlling the electrical transmission and distribution for most of Dallas-Ft. Worth, south to Waco and Williamson County as well as parts of West Texas, made $5,214,493 in total compensation in 2019. Of this total, $930,833 was received as a salary, and $4,116,972 was received as a bonus.
Houston’s CenterPoint has CEO David Lesar on an annual salary of nearly $1.4 million, with $1 million in shares as a signing bonus in 2020—previously he was the CEO of the imperialist corporation Halliburton, one of the bloodiest hands in the oil racket.
CPS Energy in San Antonio is the nation’s largest municipal utility, and its CEO Paula Gold-Williams has a total compensation of $930,669, split about evenly between base and bonus pay.
Additionally, the power generators that are still functional like Comstock Resources Inc., owned by Dallas billionaire Jerry Jones, have seen their profits soar as energy prices continue to increase. These parasites rake in money hand over fist while millions of desperate people continue to heat their homes in fear of the next power outage.
While the liberal bourgeois media tends to justify the decision of these corporate giants to cut costs to equipment as ‘saving consumer’s money’ by providing a ‘lower’ energy cost, the ruling class cannot examine the issue of profit—the fact that the above individuals as well as major shareholders make an extreme profit off of the people’s back from a necessary commodity. The capitalist system forbids providing free or at-cost electricity to the consumer, in the name of these profits.
Aside from and connected to the issue of electricity, many parts of Texas including Austin and San Antonio have been put on a boil-water notice due to issues at water treatment plants as a result of power being cut. With countless people with frozen pipes unable to access water, major water mains around the state have also frozen and burst, leaving even more without one of the most basic necessities of life—and now, even those who do have access to water can only consume it if they also have the electricity needed to boil it.
The right to warm houses, electricity, food, clean water, and employment are rights guaranteed by socialist society but currently only available for sale at cutthroat prices by the capitalists. Only the victory of socialist revolution can prevent such atrocious mismanagement. The workers and the people must fight not only cold weather but the forces of the ruling class, who have proven to care nothing about the well-being of those they drain profits from. The struggle for basic rights can only go so far under the existing system, and this fight must be combined with the struggle for political power, which, when established by workers, can and will guarantee these rights under the New State. Such a revolution is impossible working within the system of exploitation and profit, and must be forced by violently overthrowing and suppressing the rotten capitalist system.
There is no such thing as a natural disaster
The contradiction between human beings and nature can and will be decisively overcome with the establishment of the socialist mode of production. At the dawn of human history, people struggled for basic survival—lifespans were short and all energy was directed toward daily reproduction. As time went on, both the mode of production and the productive capacity of humans advanced, civilizations came into existence, and solutions were found for numerous natural problems in areas from agriculture to sanitation to sickness and disease.
In our current era, we have the technology and the resources to avoid these ‘natural disasters’; however, due to the capitalist mode of production, there is no motive to care for the overall well-being of humanity as a whole. The only motivation in our society for those who control all these resources needed for life is profit—the almighty dollar. In the pursuit of profit, the capitalists are in a race to the bottom while the people are left out in the cold and the dark.
Socialist society, on the other hand, involves a centrally planned economy, where all resources are directed toward meeting the people’s needs rather than the needs of shareholders and private interests. While severe weather will always be a reality, the terrible consequences that the people have faced from this most recent winter storm and countless others, these so-called ‘natural disasters,’ are the direct result of private ownership, profit motive, and anarchic markets. Only a society structured to serve the people is actually equipped to prevent these disasters and unnecessary human suffering and death.
Nessun commento:
Posta un commento